BRIEF EXPLANATION
As-salamu alaykum wa RahmatuLlah wa Barakatuhu
عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ
قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله
عليه و سلم -وَهُوَ الصَّادِقُ الْمَصْدُوقُ-:
"إنَّ أَحَدَكُمْ يُجْمَعُ خَلْقُهُ فِي بَطْنِ أُمِّهِ أَرْبَعِينَ يَوْمًا نُطْفَةً، ثُمَّ يَكُونُ عَلَقَةً مِثْلَ
ذَلِكَ، ثُمَّ يَكُونُ مُضْغَةً مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ،
ثُمَّ يُرْسَلُ إلَيْهِ الْمَلَكُ فَيَنْفُخُ
فِيهِ الرُّوحَ، وَيُؤْمَرُ بِأَرْبَعِ كَلِمَاتٍ: بِكَتْبِ رِزْقِهِ، وَأَجَلِهِ، وَعَمَلِهِ، وَشَقِيٍّ أَمْ سَعِيدٍ؛
فَوَاَللَّهِ الَّذِي لَا إلَهَ غَيْرُهُ إنَّ
أَحَدَكُمْ لَيَعْمَلُ بِعَمَلِ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ حَتَّى مَا يَكُونُ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَهَا إلَّا
ذِرَاعٌ فَيَسْبِقُ عَلَيْهِ الْكِتَابُ فَيَعْمَلُ
بِعَمَلِ أَهْلِ النَّارِ فَيَدْخُلُهَا. وَإِنَّ
أَحَدَكُمْ لَيَعْمَلُ بِعَمَلِ أَهْلِ النَّارِ حَتَّى مَا يَكُونُ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَهَا إلَّا ذِرَاعٌ فَيَسْبِقُ
عَلَيْهِ الْكِتَابُ فَيَعْمَلُ بِعَمَلِ أَهْلِ
الْجَنَّةِ فَيَدْخُلُهَا".
[رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ]
، [وَمُسْلِمٌ]
.
On the authority of Abdullah ibn Masood
(may Allah be pleased with him), who said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and
blessings of Allah be upon him), and he is the truthful, the believed, narrated
to us, “Verily the
creation of each one of you is brought together in his mother’s
womb for forty days in the form of a nutfah (a drop), then he becomes an alaqah
(clot of blood) for a like period, then a mudghah (morsel of flesh) for a like
period, then there is sent to him the angel who blows his soul into him and who
is commanded with four matters: to write down his rizq (sustenance), his life
span, his actions, and whether he will be happy or unhappy (i.e., whether or
not he will enter Paradise). By the One, other than Whom there is no deity,
verily one of you performs the actions of the people of Paradise until there is
but an arms length between him and it, and that which has been written
overtakes him, and so he acts with the actions of the people of the Hellfire
and thus enters it; and verily one of you performs the actions of the people of
the Hellfire, until there is but an arms length between him and it, and that
which has been written overtakes him and so he acts with the actions of the
people of Paradise and thus he enters it.”
[Al-Bukhari] [Muslim]
40 Hadith Nawawi
Reference:40 Hadith Nawawi 4
(40 Hadith Nawawi)
English translation:Hadith 4
In the Name of Allah, the
Most Gracious, the Most Merciful
The best of Praises and
Thanks belong to Allah, the most worthy of the best of Praises and thanks.
Praises that are superior to all other praises, like the superiority of Allah
over His creatures.
I testify that there is no
deity worthy of worship except Allah and that Prophet Muhammad SAW is His
servant and Messenger. May the salutations and peace of Allah SWA be showered
upon His noble Messenger SAW.
In our previous session we
undertook the first hadith of Imam an-Nawawi’s
forty hadith book. We pray to Allah to help us implement whatever we studied in
that lesson. Our Shaykh has taken us through the second and third ahadith and
in shaa Allah today we shall continue with the fourth hadith. In shaa Allah for
today’s hadith I will make the class as short as possible
due to the limited amount of time that I have had for the past days to prepare
for it and also the inadequate time I have now to expatiate and elaborate into
detail a little about our hadith. May Allah the Almighty make it easy for
us.This hadith was narrated by one of the most renowned companions of the
Prophet SAW. And he bears the name of Abd-ul-Llah ibn Mas’ood.
He is one the greatest scholars of the deen and also one of the companions of
the Prophet who could give very acute explanations of the Qur’an.
He was also a servant to the
Prophet SAW. The Prophet SAW said concerning this companion that if one wanted
to recite the Qur’an as eloquent as it was revealed, then he should
recite it like the recitation of ibn Mas’ood.
May Allah the most High be pleased with this companion. Aameen.
He RA starts this hadith by
saying that, the Messenger of Allah SAW told us or informed us. And he SAW is
the Truthful, the Believed.
Verily, the creation of each
one of you is brought together in his mother’s
womb for forty days in the form of a drop(semen), then he becomes a clot of
blood for a like period, then he becomes a morsel of flesh for a like period.
When we take a look at the
statement of the narrator in which he said that Prophet SAW is the Truthful,
and the Believed. We get the understanding that the Prophet SAW was someone who
was characterized with honest. And he spoke nothing but the truth in all cases.
And the statement, “the Believed” makes us know that
he SAW, was someone who was believed by all that heard him speak and they
testified to that fact.
Not only did he speak the
truth but he was also believed. For we have situations in which a person can be
truthful and yet people will not believe. From the narrations of the history of
the Prophet we can even find that the idolaters who did not accept the religion
of Islam believed it was the truth despite their dimwittedness.So Abd-ul-Llah
bin Mas’ood before narrating this hadith makes it clear to all
of us the he, the Prophet SAW, was the Truthful and the Believed.
This characteristics being
mentioned here is very important because this hadith was not just any ordinary
hadith. None of the hadith of the Messenger SAW are ordinary though.
This hadith was going to
inform man of things which he has no idea nor will ever have an idea of except
he is told by Allah. This hadith was going to inform us of matters of the
unseen which are only known to Allah SWA. So it is very important that our
Narrator, may Allah be pleased with him, mentioned this very important and
noble characteristic of our Noble Prophet SAW.
Our scholars explain to us
that this drop is actually a mixture of the man’s
fluid and the woman’s. meaning in our scientific terms, this fluid refers
to the zygote. And this is the state of the man for the first forty days of his
creation in the womb of his mother.
And then it becomes a clot of
blood for the next forty days. After this state it becomes a morsel of flesh,
which we usually call the embryo or fetus for another forty days.
When you combine all the
days, it becomes 120 days. That is four months for us.
An angel is then sent it
after four months. And this Angel has been sent to it by Allah the Almighty.
And the angel is only going to execute the commands of Allah exactly as Allah
has commanded. When this Angels comes, he blows into this being, its life or
its soul. So this being now becomes a living entity. How the life is blown into
the being is known only to Allah the All Knowing.
The Angel is then commanded
or instructed with four issues. These issues are the stipulation of the
sustenance of the creature(man), his actions(deeds), his lifespan, and whether
he will be among the fortunate ones or the depressed ones.
With regard to the sustenance
of man which is stipulated by the Angel under the command of Allah at this
time, it is two types. Sustenance of the body and sustenance of the religion.
For the sustenance of the
body, this refers to all that he will eat of food in his entire life. Drink of
water, the cloth he will wear in his entire life, the houses or rooms or his
accommodation for his entire life, his mode of transport for his entire life
and stuffs that are related to them.
From this we realize that,
your food, water, accommodation, money, cars, motorcycles, bicycles, footsteps,
clothes and the likes of it are all part of your sustenance and all these
things are of the things that Allah decides for even before your birth.
As for the sustenance of the religion,
this refers to the knowledge that a person will gain with regards to the
religion of Allah and also the faith this person will have in his entire life.
So we learn that even
knowledge and Eeman are all sustenance from Allah and Allah stipulates them
even before we are born. May Allah grant us abundant sustenance. Aameen.With
regard to the lifespan that Is stipulated, this refers to the number of
minutes, hours, days, weeks, months or years this person is going to spend when
he enter this world. This lifespan can be so short that the human being will
only spend it in the womb of his mother and then he will die. And that is
miscarriage. And we need to take note. This lifespan is decided by Allah and He
gives to His slaves and He deems fit. The length of a person’s
lifespan is not dependent of how beautiful this person is, or how strong and
healthy this person is. If the time of a person is due and the Angel of death
comes, it does not matter how strong or healthy this person is, he will succumb
to death very easily without any struggle at all. This lifespan of us will
never be hastened nor will it be delayed. It has an appointed time and will
only be taken or ended when that time is due.
The deeds of a person are
also stipulated at this time. These are the deeds of his tongue referring to
his statement, the deeds of his action (physical actions), and also the deeds
of his heart.
It will also be decided for
such a person whether he will be among the fortunate one or among the
unfortunate or depressed ones. The fortunate ones is referring to those who
will attain Jannah on the last day by the mercy of Allah due to their righteous
deeds. The unfortunate ones are those who will enter hellfire.
In shaa Allah we shall end
here and continue with the ending part of this hadith next week in shaa Allah.
May Allah forgive us our sins and make us among the fortunate ones.
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