As salaamu alaikum warahmatullaahi wabarakaatuhu brothers
and sisters in eemaan
We send salutations to best of creation and Allaah's most
beloved messenger محمد صلي الله عليه وسلم
, his household, his companions and all rightly guided ummah._
Alhamdulillaah for Allaah granting us the opportunity to be
counted among the living, not because we are better than the deceased but
Allaah's own will to give us life. We are indeed thankful to الله عزوجل for His mercies upon us.
Our Topic tonight is on Hepatitis B
May Allaah make ease our presentation
We shall look at hepatitis in general before digressing to
hepatitis b in shaa Allaah._
What is hepatitis?
Hepatitis refers to an inflammatory condition of the liver.
It’s commonly caused by a viral
infection, but there are other possible causes of hepatitis.
These include
autoimmune hepatitis and hepatitis that occurs as a secondary result of
medications, drugs, toxins, and alcohol.
Autoimmune Hepatitis is a disease that occurs
when our body makes antibodies against our liver tissue.
Our liver is located in the right upper area of
our abdomen. It performs many critical functions that affect metabolism
throughout our body, including:
Bile production, which is essential to digestion.
Filtering of toxins from our body.
Excretion of bilirubin (a product of broken-down red blood
cells), cholesterol, hormones, and drugs.
Breakdown of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins.
Activation of enzymes, which are specialized proteins
essential to body functions
storage of glycogen (a form of sugar), minerals, and
vitamins (A, D, E, and K)
synthesis of blood proteins, such as albumin
synthesis of clotting factors.etc.
These are few of the number of functions of the liver.*
TYPES OF HEPATITIS
The 5 types of viral hepatitis
Viral infections of the liver that are classified as
hepatitis include hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E. A different virus is responsible
for each type of virally transmitted hepatitis.
Hepatitis A is always an acute, short-term disease, while
hepatitis B, C, and D are most likely to become ongoing and chronic. Hepatitis
E is usually acute but can be particularly dangerous in pregnant women.```
Hepatitis A
Hepatitis A is caused by an infection with the
hepatitis A virus (HAV). This type of hepatitis is most commonly transmitted by
consuming food or water contaminated by feces from a person infected with
hepatitis A.
Hepatitis B
Hepatitis B is transmitted through contact with
infectious body fluids, such as blood, vaginal secretions, or semen, containing
the hepatitis B virus (HBV). Injection drug use, having sex with an infected
partner, or sharing razors with an infected person increase your risk of
getting hepatitis B.
It’s estimated
that 1.2 million people in the United States and 350 million people worldwide
live with this chronic disease.
Hepatitis C
Hepatitis C comes from the hepatitis C virus (HCV).
Hepatitis C is transmitted through direct contact with infected body fluids,
typically through injection drug use and sexual contact. HCV is among the most
common bloodborne viral infections in the United States. Approximately 2.7
to 3.9 million Americans are currently living with a chronic form of this
infection.```
Hepatitis D
Also called delta hepatitis, Hepatitis D is a
serious liver disease caused by the hepatitis D virus (HDV). HDV is contracted
through direct contact with infected blood. Hepatitis D is a rare form of
hepatitis that only occurs in conjunction with hepatitis B infection. The
hepatitis D virus can’t multiply
without the presence of hepatitis B. It’s
very uncommon in the United States.```
Hepatitis E
Hepatitis E is a waterborne disease caused by the
hepatitis E virus (HEV). Hepatitis E is mainly found in areas with poor
sanitation and typically results from ingesting fecal matter that contaminates
the water supply. This disease is uncommon in the United States. However, cases
of hepatitis E have been reported in the Middle East, Asia, Central America,
and Africa, according to the CDC.
Causes of noninfectious hepatitis
Alcohol and other toxins
Excessive alcohol consumption can cause liver damage and
inflammation. This is sometimes referred to as alcoholic hepatitis. The
alcohol directly injures the cells of your liver. Over time, it can cause
permanent damage and lead to liver failure and cirrhosis, a
thickening and scarring of the liver.
Other toxic causes of hepatitis include overuse or overdose
of medications and exposure to poisons.
Autoimmune system response
In some cases, the immune system mistakes the liver as a
harmful object and begins to attack it. It causes ongoing inflammation that can
range from mild to severe, often hindering liver function. It’s three times more common in women than in
men.
Hope brothers and sisters in eemaan are with us?
We have all heard of Hepatitis b before, one way or the
other.
What is Hepatitis b?
Hepatitis B is a virus that infects the liver.
NB:
❗ The most important organ in the body is the liver.
❗ Most adults who get it have it for a short time and then get
better. This is called acute hepatitis B.
❗ Sometimes the virus causes a long-term infection, called
chronic hepatitis B. Over time, it can damage your liver.
❗ Babies and young children
infected with the virus are more likely to get chronic hepatitis B.
❗ You can have hepatitis B and not know it. You may not
have symptoms. If you do, they can make you feel like you have the flu.
But as long as you have the virus, you can spread it to others.
CAUSES OF HEPATITIS B
It's caused by the hepatitis B virus. It is spread
through contact with the blood and body fluids of an infected person.
You may get hepatitis B if you:
Have sex with an infected person without using
a condom.
Share needles (used for injecting drugs) with an infected
person.
Get a tattoo or piercing with tools that weren't sterilized.
Share personal items like razors or toothbrushes with
an infected.
A mother who has the virus can pass it to her baby 👶
during delivery.
Medical experts recommend that all pregnant women
get tested for hepatitis B. If you have the virus, your baby can get shots to
help prevent infection with the virus.
You cannot get hepatitis B from casual contact
such as:
Hugging
kissing (Remember, deep kisses between an infected and an
uninfected through which blood can be exchanged because of bleeding gums may
lead to transferring the virus)
sneezing
coughing , or
sharing food or drinks.
SYMPTOMS OF HEPATITIS B
Many people with hepatitis B don't know they have it,
because they don't have symptoms.
If you do have symptoms, you may just feel like you have
the flu Symptoms include:
Feeling very tired
Mild fever
Headache
Not wanting to eat
Feeling sick to your stomach or vomiting
Belly pain.
Tan-colored bowel movement (stools)
Dark urine
Yellowish eyes and skin (jaundice).
Jaundice usually appears only after other symptoms have
started to go away.
Most people with chronic hepatitis do not know because of no
symptoms showing.
That's to say, you are likely not going to know you have
hepatitis if you don't go for blood test. Only few people out of lot may show
the symptoms._
Some of us go by the saying
I'm not going to do any test because you go and they tell
you that you have this or that would keep you thinking for the rest of your
life.
I think it's better to go and check ourselves up
DIAGNOSIS OF HEPATITIS B
A simple blood test can tell your doctor if you have
the hepatitis B virus now or if you had it in the past. Your doctor also may be
able to tell if you have had the vaccine to prevent the virus.
If your doctor thinks you may have liver damage
from hepatitis B, he or she may use a needle to take a tiny sample of
your liver for testing. This is called a liver biopsy.
Liver function tests
Liver function tests use blood samples to determine how
efficiently our liver works. Abnormal results of these tests may be the first
indication that there is a problem, especially if you don’t show any signs on a physical exam of liver
disease. High liver enzyme levels may indicate that your liver is stressed,
damaged, or not functioning properly.```
Blood sample is taken
like in the picture above for liver function test.
Other blood tests
If your liver function tests are abnormal, your doctor will
likely order other blood tests to detect the source of the problem. These tests
can check for the viruses that cause hepatitis. They can also be used to check
for antibodies that are common in conditions like autoimmune.
Ultrasound
An abdominal ultrasound uses ultrasound waves to
create an image of the organs within your abdomen. This test allows your doctor
to take a close look at your liver and nearby organs.
It can reveal:
➡ fluid in
your abdomen.
➡ liver
damage or enlargement
➡liver tumors
➡
abnormalities of your gallbladder
➡Sometimes
the pancreas shows up on ultrasound images as well. This can be a useful test
in determining the cause of your abnormal liver function.
Liver biopsy
A liver biopsy is an invasive procedure that
involves your doctor taking a sample of tissue from your liver. It can be done
through your skin with a needle and doesn’t
require surgery. Typically, an ultrasound is used to guide your doctor when taking
the biopsy sample.
This test allows your doctor to determine how infection or
inflammation has affected your liver. It can also be used to sample any areas
in your liver that appear abnormal.
Complications of hepatitis
Chronic hepatitis B can often lead to more serious health
problems. Because the virus affects the liver, people with chronic hepatitis
B are at risk for:
chronic liver disease
⛔ cirrhosis
⛔ liver
cancer
When your liver stops functioning normally, liver failure
can occur. Complications of liver failure include:
🅾 Bleeding disorders
🅾 A buildup of fluid in your abdomen, known
as ascites.
🅾 Increased blood pressure in portal veins that
enter your liver, known as portal hypertension
🅾 Kidney failure
🅾 hepatic encephalopathy, which can involve fatigue,
memory loss, and diminished mental abilities due to the buildup of toxins, like
ammonia, that affect brain function.
🅾 hepatocellular carcinoma, which is a form of liver
cancer.
Hope we are not dozing off already?
TREATMENT OF HEPATITIS B
In most cases, hepatitis B goes away on its own. You can
relieve your symptoms at home by resting, eating healthy foods, drinking plenty
of water, and avoiding alcohol and drugs. Also, find out from your doctor what
medicines and herbal products to avoid, because some can make liver damage
caused by hepatitis B worse.
▶ Treatment
for chronic hepatitis B depends on whether your infection is getting worse and
whether you have liver damage. Most people with chronic hepatitis B can live
active, full lives by taking good care of themselves and getting regular
checkups. There are medicines for chronic hepatitis B, but they may not be
right for everyone. Work with your doctor to decide if medicine is right for
you.
▶ Sometimes,
chronic hepatitis B can lead to severe liver damage. If this happens, you may
need a liver transplant.
CAN HEPATITIS B BE PREVENTED?
The hepatitis B vaccine is the best way to prevent
infection. The vaccine is a series of 3 or 4 shots. Adults at risk and all
babies, children, and teenagers should be vaccinated.
Hope you don't fear injection ?
Let me be quick to add that it is safer to get yourself
checked first, if you are not infected quickly take the shots. For prevention is better than cure.
A combination vaccine (Twinrix) that protects against both
hepatitis B and hepatitis A also is available.
To avoid getting or spreading the virus to others:
🅾 Use a condom when you have sex (Not
zina ).
🅾 Don't share needles.
🅾 Wear latex or plastic gloves if you have to touch
blood.
🅾 Don't share toothbrushes or razors.
🅾 Don't get a tattoo done.
🔺 We have learnt that hepatitis is a liver disease
🔺 There are several types of hepatitis, A-E
🔺 The most commonly known and widespread is
*Hepatitis B*
🔺 Hepatitis is preventable
🔺 Hepatitis can be *treated*
🔺 Hepatitis is passed down from mother to child, blades,
needle, sexual intercourse, medication, etc.
Questions are welcome
In case you don't find me to answer, kindly feel free to
knock through my inbox.
The mistakes in our presentation were because of our flaws.
Those in line were from the Nima from Allaah.
Find a place in your heart to pardon us.
Till we meet again for another presentation in shaa Allaah,
was salaamu alaikum warahmatullaahi wabarakaatuhu
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